French Expression Etre Dans Son Assiette - French Plate

French Expression Etre Dans Son Assiette - French Plate Lets start with a misstep you hear constantly: be mindful so as to not say une assiette (a plate) rather than un siã ¨ge (a seat). Understudies get befuddled in light of the fact that the action word for to situate is sasseoir, so they think une assiette is connected. Thus the error. A Plate Une Assiette We have diverse sort of plates utilized for various courses: Les Assiettes Plates (Flat): une unimposing assiette (une assiette fromage, une assiette dessert standard exemple) - littler plate utilized for cheddar or sweet for example.une grande assiette (une assiette entremet) - a greater plate, utilized for the principle course.une assiette torment - a little plate for the breadNote that a little plate to put under a cup is called une soucoupe.â Les Assiettes Creuses (Deeper Plate) une assiette soupe: soup plate Les Plats (Serving Dishes) There are beyond any reasonable amount to list: des plats creux (more profound), des plats (indeed, level serving dish), and we regularly sort them by their shape or use : un plat rond, oval, carrã © (round, oval, square...), un plat poisson (for the fish), un plat tarte (pie)... un plat pour le four (for the stove). Ne Pas Útre Dans Son Assietteâ This strange maxim intends to not feel/look well, to feel/look depressed.â Et bien, Camille, à §a va ? Tu es sure ? Tu nas pas nest dans ton assiette.Well, Camille, would you say you are OK? Is it true that you are certain? You dont look well. What's more, it has nothing to do with a plate! As a matter of fact, it originates from sasseoir, and has to do with the position one is sitting: Lassiette. Its an old French word, that these days is just utilized for horseback riding. We state: un bon high handed an une bonne assiette. (a decent rider has a decent sitting position). Something else, the French word une assiette is utilized for a plate, that's it in a nutshell. Note that for the figure of speech ne pas à ªtre dans child assiette will consistently be utilized in the contrary, and the possessive descriptor will change to concur with the individual you are discussing. Regarde Pierre : il na pas den dans child assiette.Look at Pierre: he doesnt look well.

Costing and Information Systems of the Worplestrop Essay - 1

Costing and Information Systems of the Worplestrop - Essay Example Item costs are related to products delivered or bought for resale in an association. In negligible costing, the main variable expense is charged as an expense of offer and we get the commitment is which ordinarily is given by deals income less the variable expense of item sold. The end supply of merchandise which are work in progress or completed merchandise in the store is esteemed at variable creation cost. Fixed expense are ordinarily treated as period cost and are charged in full to the benefit and misfortune records of the bookkeeping time frame in which they are acquired. The rule of negligible costing of an item is that in a specific period, fixed cost will consistently be the equivalent, for any volume of deals and creation gave that the degree of action is inside the important range or the planned range, along these lines, by selling an additional thing of item or administration the accompanying will occur. Comparative if the volume of offer, if the volume of deals falls by one thing, benefit will fall by a similar measure of commitment earned from the offer of things. Benefit estimation should, subsequently, base on examination of all out commitment. Since fixed expense identifies with a timeframe, and don't change with either increment or reduction in the business volume, it is deceiving to accuse units of deals of a portion of the fixed expense from the complete commitment of the period to get the benefit figure. At the point when one unit of an item is created then an additional cost must be caused in its creation as a variable expense however the fixed cost will consistently stay steady. At that point it is consistent with state that it is so as to esteem the end stock as a variable expense. It is some of the time called full costing, in this costing, all the assembling cost brought about in a specific period is represented, and furthermore until the item is sold fixed overheads will stay an item cost.

6 Simple Ways To Reduce Your PDF File Size

6 Simple Ways To Reduce Your PDF File Size Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!6 Simple Ways To Reduce Your PDF File SizeUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : Praveen SivaramanTopic : Tips and tricksShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozaZoR CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogPDF files are one of the ingenious ways to send your important documents and files using secured transmission. If you have large volumes of files to be transmitted, you would further like to shrink the file size of PDF files. It is also hard to attach big size PDF files and email it to your friends or clients as transmission time will be huge. It is better to shrink it and send.Here are some of the best ways that are useful for shrinking your PDF files:1. Use the Save As Command:When you are trying to save the PDF files, use the Save as Command, so that Acrobat rewrites the entire PDF document as entirely as possible. If you choose the option as save the changes are appended to the file, which means the file size is increased. By default, Acrobat Save As command is also optimized for web page viewing and allows to be downloaded on a page-by-page basis from a network or a web server, thereby reducing the time taken for downloading and allowing better accessibility and viewing performance.2. Name Destinations: Use ‘em or Lose ‘em:Named destinations are being used as markers for identifying locations in a PDF file. This comes in handy when the authors decide to link a second PDF file to a specific point in the first document. However, every ten or so named destinations cost 1 kb of place and therefore is best to try to avoid using them.3. Print file using Adobe Print Driver:This is one of the easiest ways that actually does the job of shrinking rather than trying to reduce the space that is being used to create a PDF. It is one little trick that when you want to shrink a PDF document, open them and resave them using an Adobe PDF printer. You can locate for this option f rom the File menu option and choose Adobe PDF in the drop down list of printers. This option saves a real lot of the space by reducing the file size incredibly from even 20 MB to 3 MB.READ7 Steps For Beginners To Make Money By Blogging4. Audit the use of space in the file:To achieve this, do this, Choose advanced menu option and select PDF optimizer. When you choose the Audit Space Usage button in this dialog box, the audit results will help you to identify the most effective ways to reduce the file size by showing the elements that are significantly large. The report will appear as the number of bytes used by fonts, images, bookmarks, forms and comments, and in toto file size.5. Manage your graphics:Graphics are a big problem while optimizing the PDF files with size as the criteria. The best way to manage the graphics is to initially use vector based graphics that scale appropriately, looks better even when they are reduced in size to fit into a smaller space and are much better th an the pixel based GIF.Nevertheless, if you are going to use a bitmap file, prepare it for maximum compression and minimum dimensions without losing the ratio and clarity. For further reduction in the size of the file, use the Advance menu option, choose PDF Optimizer and select compressions options to compress color, grayscale, and monochrome images or choose the option of Enable Adaptive Compression option.6. Minimize fonts:Fonts take up a lot of space and if possible do not embed fonts but always try to keep your fonts to the minimum readable size.RELATED : Top 5 Online Places To Convert PDF To WordIf you know anything more, please do share it via comments!!This article is written by Praveen. He is associated with a website hosting company which has a very good website hosting reviews. If you wish to write for HBB, kindly check this.

. Summarise the Historical Changes in Childhood Experience...

There is little evidence of what it was really like in the past so it is difficult for a lot of people to re-construct the life of a child, however from what I have researched, and in my own opinion I am going to summarise the historical changes in childhood experience and relate these changes to childhood development and rights. In the 19th century I think children missed out on most of their childhood as most of them took on jobs such as chimney sweepers, street sellers and farms for example. These were mainly children from poor families who were seen as extra farm hands and were exploited by receiving low pay for long hours and working in poor conditions. Families did not look at how the children were treated and the possible impact†¦show more content†¦Also from what my grandad has told me, back then they weren’t allowed to express themselves as they would get emotional and physical abuse towards them, so they just carried on with everyday life. They was wealthy families and was a lot easier from them as they had the money to attend a private school or was home-schooled. They were also encouraged to donate money and goods to the poor. Kerry Woolford Even though a legislation was drawn up and improved childhood education, healthcare and welfare, children were and even now in modern society around the world are being taken advantage of for monetary gain. Modern society now especially since 1997 have tried putting children first such as committing to meeting children’s needs. There are still problems such as school truancy, adolescents not in education or training and also child protection as there have been tragic deaths including baby P and Victoria climbie, which her death was largely responsible for the formation of every child matters inactive plus a lot of other changes in different systems, 2. Discuss how family systems are influential in child development processes and include challenges to meeting a child’s needs, such as conflicts and poor parenting practices. Family systems can influence in a child’sShow MoreRelatedTo What Extent Can Childhood Be Considered a Social Construction?1489 Words   |  6 PagesTo what extent can childhood be considered a social construction? This essay will analyse the major experiences by which childhood is constructed: one determined by the society and the other examined personally. Following this approach will be explained socially constructed childhood that asserts children’s attitudes, expectations and understandings that are defined by a certain society or culture. Furthermore various aspects of childhoods will be taken into account in relation to social, economicRead MoreThe Importance Of Teaching And Learning Processes1867 Words   |  8 Pages For educators, evaluating what is being taught and why can be a somewhat elusive and subjective task. The amount of theoretical research in regards to teaching and learning processes is immense as there is no particular ‘right answer’, allowing much room for interpretation (Elmborg, 2006). It is therefore of importance that educators understand what they are teaching and why, by deepening their knowledge on various theoretical standpoints. Furthermore, discussion of these standpoints, particularlyRead MoreScientific Method and Children4906 Words   |  20 Pagesuniversally valid; in other words, it is a natural law. The laws of nature cannot change. Every technical construction and measuring apparatus is a practical application of the laws of nature. If the laws of nature changed, bridges and tower blocks, for example, calculated correctly taking the laws of nature into account, could collapse. As all physiological processes are also dependent on the laws of nature, a change in these laws would have catastrophic consequences. For these reasons no patent officeRead MoreClient Presentation And Service Delivery10192 Words   |  41 PagesLife 6 Stages of Human Development 7 Physical Development†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....8 Psychological Development Social Development Cognitive Development Affective Development Theories that Inform Community Services Practice 10 Attachment Theory Trauma Trauma Theory Identify Relevant Support for Clients 12 Outcomes Measurement Tools 15 ABAS-II – Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System The Griffith Mental Development Scales (GMDS) The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Bayley-III) Sensory ProfileRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pages---------------------------------This edition published 2011  © Pearson Education Limited 2011 The rights of Gerry Johnson, Richard Whittington and Kevan Scholes to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Pearson Education is not responsible for the content of third party internet sites. ISBN: 978-0-273-73557-1 (printed) ISBN: 978-0-273-73552-6 (web) All rights reserved. Permission is hereby given for the material in this publicationRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pageslive longer GlaxoSmithKline Annual Report 2010 Contents Business review P08–P57 Governance and remuneration P58–P101 Financial statements P102–P191 Shareholder information P192–P212 Business review 2010 Performance overview Research and development Pipeline summary Products, competition and intellectual property Regulation Manufacturing and supply World market GSK sales performance Segment reviews Responsible business Financial review 2010 Financial position and resources Financial reviewRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesresponsibility Culture Competitive strategy Strategic options: directions Corporate-level strategy International strategy Innovation and Entrepreneurship Strategic options: methods Strategy evaluation Strategic management process Organising Resourcing Managing change Strategic leadership Strategy in practice Public sector/not-for-proï ¬ t management Small business strategy ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€" Read MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagessuch a course. The ‘full story’ that follows this summary gives you considerable detail about how to go about a case analysis, but for now here is a brief account. Before we start, a word about attitude – make it a real exercise. You have a set of historical facts; use a rigorous system to work out what strategies shoul d be followed. All the cases are about real companies, and one of the entertaining bits of the analysis process is to compare what you have said they should do with what they really have

The Obesity Epidemic Essay - 2683 Words

Obesity has become increasingly more prominent in American society. The Unites States has even been termed an overweight nation. Some twenty to thirty percent of American adults are now considered obese (Hwang 1999 and Hirsch et al 1997). With this in mind, Americans constantly look around themselves determining their weight status as well as that of those around them. While some Americans do fit the healthy category, others enter the underweight, overweight, and even obese categories, all of which can be unhealthy. Obesity can be termed deviant for a variety of reasons. Not only is it unhealthy, but it is also a widely unaccepted behavior in US society. The obese are labeled â€Å"†¦obscene, lazy, slothful, and gluttonous† (Adler and†¦show more content†¦Allison et al claim that the number of average annual deaths attributable to obesity is 324,940 in the United States alone. Among these deaths and health problems, direct health care costs solely due to obesity (excluding obese who are sick or have died due to smoking, genetic, and other health factors) includes nearly 5% annually. Treatment often consists of combinations of diet, exercise, behavioral modifications, and some medications (1999). It is important for these obese individuals to receive the treatments available to them. Allison et al state that obesity is a major cause of mortality in the US and it substantially increases morbidity and impairs quality of life. As treatment options increase, obesity also becomes less acceptable. As of late, people have begun resorting to procedures such as liposuction to reduce fat content on the body. While these procedures in themselves may not be accepted, they reduce the risk of the obese being labeled deviant for their status. Adler and Adler (51) state that being labeled deviant means that one has violated societal norms and has been labeled for his or her actions. Norms are codes of behavior that guide people into what is socially acceptable. Further, obesity can be termed a folkway, or a norm that is based on custom, tradition, or etiquette and that does notShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of The Obesity Epidemic Essay1488 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as the excessive accumulation of fat that puts the person’s health at risk (Lenzi et al., 2015). The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide over the past three decades. According to Holtz (2016), obese people have outnumbered the undernourished, with the World Health Organization estimating that 1.9 billion adults are overweight, out of which about 600 million are obese. Given the recent trends, it is estimated that 1.12 billionRead MoreObesity : The Obesity Epidemic1509 Words   |  7 PagesThe Obesity Epidemic What is obesity? According to the Health Reference Center Academic, â€Å"Obesity is a clinical condition characterized by an excess of body fat†. Obesity causes serious and life-threatening diseases. Obesity can be calculated using the BMI or Body mass index. The higher the BMI the more obese a person is considered. More than 1 third of the population in the US is obese. Medical costs for treating obesity were estimated at $147 billion in 2008. Non-Hispanic black and Mexican AmericanRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Of Obesity1133 Words   |  5 PagesObesity has always been a topic that many have had due to the increase attention it has received. Across America, there has been a lot of attention on the obesity epidemic. In America and the inner cities, more people are eating meals away from home in addition to consuming larger portions from fast food restaurants. At this rate, gaining weight is the likely outcome. High energy dense food has become convenient and affordable. Fas t food is almost everywhere in America and, contributes to the growingRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Of Obesity967 Words   |  4 Pagesthe issue. There has been substantial encouragement, which has pressured governments and politicians to implement restrictions on the publicising of unhealthy foods, particularly those targeting children. (Jolly, R. 2011) Researchers of the epidemic of obesity are inclined to emphasise environmental aspects, including the convenience of high-calorie appetising junk foods in conjunction with the influence of television programming, video games, computers and tablets that discourage exercise. TheoreticallyRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Obesity And Obesity1319 Words   |  6 Pages There’s an appalling epidemic in today’s society sweeping across not only the United States, but all across the globe. This horrible epidemic isn’t the bird flu, or any type of sickness, rather obesity. Today, obesity rates are at an all time high in America. This disease, obesity, is being passed down the family both genetically, and by the terrible eating habits developing in the US. Kids growing up in this generation are facing frightening issues such as increased risk of heart disease, diabetesRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Of Obesity2517 Words   |  11 Pagesof obesity in children is on the rise in America. One in three children in America is obese (Kelly). Anyone can recognize there is a problem with the growing numbers of children overweight, however, no one has come up with a way to stop the obesity epidemic. This epidemic in children has been caused by numerous factors now numerous solutions can stop this if they are put in use. Children are weighing more than they ever have. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says, â€Å"Obesity hasRead MoreObesity : The Obesity Epidemic2984 Words   |  12 PagesThe Obesity Epidemic What is obesity? A condition characterized by the excessive accumulation and storage of fat in the body; obesity is when someone is so overweight that it is a threat to their health (â€Å"What is Obesity?†). Obesity is an increasing global health problem. Corpulence is an important matter because of the astounding magnitudes that this disease has reached in the past 30 years (â€Å"Health and Aging†). Obesity is the reason for nearly 10 percent of the national medical budget, whichRead MoreObesity : The Obesity Epidemic Essay1321 Words   |  6 Pagesevidence that Americans are among the most overweight across the globe, this issue is constantly ignored. We hear about obesity being one of the most prevalent issues in America yet through the years this issue seems to worsen. Although Obesity may not be taken seriously by many, it is one of the leading health issues in America today. Many don’t understand the causes of this obesity epidemic, but being educated on this topic is the best way to prevent and control this issue. A recent study from the NationRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic : Obesity Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe obesity epidemic proves to be an issue in America and continues to grow with time. In simple terms, obesity is a disorder where the subject has increasing amounts of fat, leading to health problems in the future. This epidemic has steadily increased in American bodies for decades and researchers have tried to find the root causes of this problem. Though there is controversy as to what is the primary cause of this rising epidemic, it is clear that there are many factors that contribute to theRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Of Obesity1540 Words   |  7 PagesThe Obesity Epidemic is a topic widely studied and mentioned in several contexts’ both medical and social. Obesity is described by Boero (2012) to have exploded in meaning Post- World War II to be more than a â€Å"physical flaw.† Weight concern became an idea that debuted in magazines mainly targeting women and emphasizing â€Å"natural thinness.† The disappearance of the normally worn â€Å"corset† and popularization of the typical 1920’s â€Å"boy catching† flapper, increased the production of diet products and the

The Civil War The American Revolution And The Secession...

Americans before the Civil War came to the United States to acquire self-preservation and to explore the foundation of capitalism. Songwriters such as Stephen Foster, felt the American people needed an image to follow a need for Puritan mentality. Without a doubt, music purposely expressed these movements by the usage of musical lyrics to analyze the discrimination against African American slaves and the secession of the United States, which reflected the turmoil of the separated Puritan communities. In short, after the American Revolution, many Americans feared the idea of self-preservation within communities, expressing that Americans had no real endeavor in working together. Moreover, writers like J. Hector St. John de Crà ¨vecÅ“ur, practiced to establish a diverse America, not only to separate Americans and show how different they act according to their surroundings, but helped to express how an environment can change one’s self-preservation. Nevertheless, Americans le ft a deliberate standing point to follow as countless Puritans did before. The purpose of how music can diversify a community and make Americans’ self-preservation move toward their surroundings remained the example left by these idols. Undoubtedly, the environment itself obtained the biggest challenge for American Puritans. In any case, with the help of Foster’s intuition about how Americans should act as a community and the emotions that thrived within the musical lyrics of his songs—Beautiful Dreamer, Oh!Show MoreRelatedThe War Of The American Civil War856 Words   |  4 Pagesas the catalyst of the American Civil War, but the beginning of the dispute began in the time of the Revolution with a weak decentralized government under the Articles of Confederation. Later gained momentum as territorial expansion set Americans against each other on debating whether the new states should be slave states or free states, it questioned the power of the Federal governmen t regarding state rights, and brought about instability in the unity of the United States as a nation. The conflictRead MoreThe American Civil War: Interpretations of Democracy Essay1415 Words   |  6 Pages One of the most convoluted themes in history is that of the meaning of war. The American Civil War specifically offers many differing explanations as to the true cause for which over 600,000 men dedicated and lost their lives. The Civil War was particularly so, in that there was no universal acceptance of the objectives or causes of the war from either side. Leaders from the Union and the Confederacy delineated distinctly different reasons for fighting, magnifying the hostility between the two regionsRead MoreThe Early History Of America892 Words   |  4 Pages American History to 1877 Last Name First Name Date â€Æ' The early history of America begins with the journey of Christopher Columbus in 1492, when he first discovered the lands of America along with the residing few Native people. These indigenous American Indians were a vital component of the society of the United States. Soon after 1600, the colonial culture began to start with the arrival of the European colonists from England, Spain, and France. The Spanish established their settlementsRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1723 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil War is by far the bloodiest war in American history. In the four deadly years of war, over six-hundred thousand Americans were killed. Many disputes that led to the civil war. These conflicts started even before the presidency of James Buchanan, who was a Democrat elected in the election of 1856. The issue of slavery, states’ rights, the abolitionist movement, the Southern secession, the raid on Harper’s Ferry, the election of Abraham Lincoln all contributed to the start of the Civil WarRead MoreThe Republic Of San Marino1710 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2011, the Republic of San Marino awarded citizenship to the then President of the United States, Barack Obama. The letter that this often-overlooked alpine nation addressed to President Obama was thoroughly ignored by the news media, and to any onlookers the fact that Europe’s third smallest country was offering citizenship to the President of one of the world’s leading powers must have seemed quite peculiar. San Marino’s extension of citizenship to President Obama, however, was not a delusionalRead MoreCivil War Reconstruction Dbq Essay940 Words   |  4 Pagesbeginning of the civil war to the fall of the reconstruction, the United States changed dramatically. Nearly one hundred years after the Declaration of Independence which declared all men equal, many social and constitutional alterations were necessary to protect the rights of all people, no matter their race. These social and constitutional developments that were made during 1860 to 1877 were so drastic it could be called a revolution. The election of Abraham Lincoln and the secession of the SouthRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1039 Words   |  5 PagesThe civil war is by far the bloodiest war in American history. In the four deadly years of war, over six-hundred thousand Americans were killed. Many disputes that led to the civil war. These conflicts started under President James Buchanan who was a Democrat elected in the election of 1856. The issue of slavery, states’ rights, the abolitionist movement, the Southern secession, the raid on Harper’s Ferry, the election of Abraham Lincoln all contributed to the start of the civil war. The civil warRead MoreThe Civil War: The Second American Revolution? Essay examples1083 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War has been described as one of the most important occurrences in the life of the United States. It was period in time when the United States was no longer united, but instead was split between the north and south due to the ongoing feud over of the l egal standing of slavery nationwide. For four years, many people were subjected to horrific measures, especially the soldiers that participated in combat. Despite the brutality of battle, soldiers experienced a numerous amount of daily hardshipsRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1686 Words   |  7 Pagesthe time of the Civil War there were many battles going on off of the battlefield that placed the United States of America in great turmoil. While the literal war was being fought throughout the country there were still political, ethical and emotional battles taking place. A big question of the Civil War was about its origins and if there was more than just one cause for the rebellion of the South. Many issues at hand during this time are: slavery, westward expansion, and states’ rights. WestwardRead MoreFrom the beginning of the Civil War all the way up to the end of Reconstruction, the United States800 Words   |  4 PagesFrom the beginning of the Civil War all the w ay up to the end of Reconstruction, the United States endured a similar type of revolution than it had dealt with in the previous years. In this time, many social and constitutional advancements brought about great change and discord in the country. However, some of these constitutional developments ended up causing conflict such as the civil rights bills and Emancipation Proclamation, in addition to the social developments such as the Black Codes, Ku

Pages book review free essay sample

Common Sense, and the Turning Point to American Independence. Running Press. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 2003. Imagine having a front row seat, or better yet, a hand in what Is considered to be the one of the greatest moments In history. Scott Lull Is able to provide his audience that experience through his written account of the spectacular events that led to the signing of The Declaration of Independence. The authors task is to try to put into words the frustrations of Englishman Thomas , who is well versed in what is going on in the world of politics. He is fed up with the Iron fist ruling methods of the British government, and wants change. At the recommendation of . Benjamin Franklin, Pain embarks upon a Journey to the American colonies arriving in Pennsylvania in late 1775 to explore the available opportunities (43). Ultimately landing a job as a ghost writer for a new monthly publication, it Is here that Pain realizes that people are interested in what he has to say. We will write a custom essay sample on Pages book review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He has found an outlet for his voice as a political advocate and is becoming popular amongst his peers (51). The essential challenge Is America gaining Its Independence from the British tyrannical ruler-ship. This is developed because commoners realized that they really had no voice in a monarchical government that was essentially ruled by the king and parliament (75-76). This is further developed in the text as the Americans realize that they are entitled to their liberty and independence.The author shows how Paint, as a writer, is able to make valid argument for the people and publish a piece of work that gets the attention they need to have their voices heard. HIS thesis of America being entitled to Its Independence Is tested by the popularity of Thomas political writings, and proven by his publishing of 46 Pages. This book is extremely significant in confronting the issue of Americas independence in 1776. It shows that the tenacity of one person working towards change can be highly effective If they can validate their arguments.Lisles presentation of Thomas story Is presented In a scholarly fashion. It Is well written, and very informative. Lisles style of writing is very detailed; it gives a sense as if he were witnessing the events he wrote about. Thomas presentation of 46 Pages is also written in a scholarly fashion because it is informational to its audience of that time period. In my opinion, the text does not show signs of bias; however, there is a as well his general knowledge of history.Being an immigrant who fled because of British rule, Thomas uses his firsthand experiences as his source to plead his cases of unfairness and oppression. The book is coherent, logical and it gives an in- depth look at the early years of Thomas , and follows him chronologically throughout his history-making Journey. The book seems to be intended for the general public because students will gain knowledge from its contents and the mature audience will gain an appreciation for the efforts that were put into the process of life and liberty in America. I would recommend this book to others because of its informational value. I found facts about . Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and ultimately Thomas that I was not aware of before reading the book. Other scholars that have reviewed this book consider it a must read and call it a pivotal piece of literature because of its informational value and its significant role in the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

McDonalds Entry into the Chinese Market

Introduction Following the advent of globalization, many companies that previously operated in the local markets have sought to establish businesses in foreign markets. Globalization refers to the process of integrating people with governments and organizations across the globe. One of the major limitations the companies that seek to exploit foreign markets may face is the challenge of linking franchises established in foreign nations to the organizational culture and polices.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on McDonald’s Entry into the Chinese Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, globalization has eased communication partly due to the recent immense development in telephone and internet technologies. This implies that the challenges of expanding markets that were experienced by organizations seeking to take their businesses globally have been incredibly eased. Consequently, the term internationa l firm has become a common terminology in the international business debates. Kottler (2000) described an international organization as the one, which conducts businesses in more than one nation (p.34). However, when making a market entry into new nations, an international organization has to choose appropriate market entry methods because each nation acts as a market segment whose consumption is determined by a variety of factors such as culture, economic, social, and political affiliations among others. These factors are different in every nation. In this context, this paper finds it indispensable to analyze the factors that affect a firm’s decision-making process on the choice of entry modes to the foreign markets coupled with the impacts of the entry modes on business practices and success. The focus is on western nations’ organizations entry into the Asian markets. The paper presents this by considering the case of MacDonald’s entry into the Chinese markets . The paper specifically considers Asia as the one that that has undergone tremendous growth within the last three decades. Consequently, emanating from the economic advantages, western organizations such as MacDonald have considered extending their operations into the Asian regions in a variety of ways. As such, the paper further presents these ways with the aid of a review of the relevant theories on foreign entry modes followed by identification of the mode(s) of entry that MacDonald adopted in China. The case study report also investigates and analyzes the factors contributing to MacDonald’s decision on the choice of the entry mode(s) coupled with evaluation of the advantages gained, as well as the difficulties experienced by MacDonald because of implementing such a mode or modes. Finally, the paper discusses the lessons learned from the firm’s experience on the choice of the entry mode(s). Literature Review Factors influencing a firm’s decision to enter int o new markets Many western firms are currently becoming internationalized. The initial choice of the crucial market entry mode in the foreign market may produce imperative implications on successful entry of a company along with its survival in the international market. Arguably, therefore, the decision on survival mechanisms in the foreign nations is a mega step that a firm has to make before channeling its resources to establish its presence in the foreign nations.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another crucial decision encompasses the entry mode in the international business (Hague Jackson, 2006, p.47). Firms can accomplish entry modes in foreign markets through several ways. Typical examples include licensing, joint ventures, exporting, and franchising among others. However, essential to note is that each of the entry modes possesses some merits and demerits. Hough an d Neuland (2000) conduct an analysis of these market entry modes (p.13). According to the authors, exporting is the easiest mode of selling a firm’s products in foreign markets. It permits an organization to indirectly or directly export. Indirect exporting involves the sale of a firm’s products in the foreign markets through an agent based in the home markets while direct exporting involves a firm that sells its products directly to an importer or a buyer in a foreign market. On the other hand, licensing involves an agreement in which â€Å"a licensor grants the rights to intangible property to another licensee for a specified period† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.21). In return, the licensor receives a royalty fee from the licensee. Franchising involves entering long relationships in comparison to licensing. In the relationship between the franchisor and franchisee, the franchisor sells critical property, for instance, a trademark to the franchisee. The franchisor also acquires the franchisee’s contractual responsibility to abide by all the rules on its business regulations. Joint ventures constitute business collaboration between two companies based in two or more countries, which share ownership of an enterprise established jointly for the production, and/or distribution of goods and services. Various factors define the relativity of the appropriateness of the chosen entry mode. They are economic and political risks, trade barriers, social risks, and transportation costs among others. Consequently, firms seeking to establish themselves globally need to consider economics and other dynamics of the target nations (Beamish, Morrison Rosenzweig, 2005, p.99). Essentially, it is desirable for globalizing companies to have plausible information about size coupled with rates of growth of the foreign nation’s markets, financial positions, population characteristics, and more importantly, the labour costs. This implies that leaders of firms need to know that the attractiveness of foreign market opportunities is different among different business industries, as well as individual companies (Hibbert, 2005, p.17). Organizations seeking to establish operations in the international business need to do a number of things. According to Hibbert (2005), some of these things include evaluation of international markets business opportunities, conducting analysis to an extent to which a firm may be able to establish potential opportunities for growth in foreign nations making a decision on the appropriate market strategy, innovating marketing strategies, and then conducting standardization of various global operations (p.33).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on McDonald’s Entry into the Chinese Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Financial crisis and strategic decision to capitalize on Asian market Following the global financial crisis, many firm s embarked on seeking to enhance their competiveness for them to survive through the financial crunch. One of the strategies to realize this goal was to look for new markets particularly where an organization may perceive to experience milder effects of economic down time. When the western nations encountered challenges of reduced businesses, the global financial crisis did not even spare the possible alternative place -Asia- where such firms could establish new markets. Indeed, Asian nations encountered the global financial crisis in the late 2008 originating from Europe and the U.S. Consequently, the Asian gross domestic product growth rates immensely fell down. The aftermath was a substantive drop in exports. Additionally, foreign direct investment to Asian countries reduced significantly. However, by August 2009 China and India coupled with other emerging economies in the Asian regions had started to depict some signs of recovery from the global economic crunch. In fact, with re gard to a survey conducted by the Economist magazine, Singapore, China, Korea, and Japan, showed quarter-on-quarter annualized GDP growth of 21%, 15%, 10%, and 0.9% respectively (Ross, 2003, p.9). Even though the accuracy of this data may be debatable, the trend shows that Asian countries were able to recover from the economic crunch much faster as compared to other countries especially those in the west. Deductively, this incredible growth of Asian economies creates mega opportunities for global businesses. This is in sharp contrast to the economies of western countries whose growth remains uncertain. This may explain why global economic activity is shifting to Asia. Globalization theory and capitalization on Asian markets The quest of MacDonald to establish franchises in China closely relates with advantage accruing from globalization because globalization has intensively altered the manner in which firms conduct businesses at the international fronts. In this context, Cooper and Schindler (2008) argue that stemming from technological sophistication and communication coupled with general infrastructural developments, businesses are capacitated to supply and/or distribute goods and services virtually in every geographical location across the globe (p.41). Nevertheless, venturing into international markets is a risky endeavor. This argument arises because firms ought to be prepared and organized strategically to overcome cultural impediments, differences in currency and language barriers coupled with regulatory, and existing legal environments that may be inconsistent with the organizational policies.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, firms that have substantial capital bases among other resources can easily sail through these impediments without having to rely on other external aid. However, those companies that do not have substantial resources to aid them in overcoming the impediments to operations in the international markets, more often than not, have to consider altering their polices to suit particular market. This means that although such companies may be using the same brand name, they are predominantly characterized by non-homogeneity in organizational polices. This makes it possible for them to penetrate international markets. A myriad of reasons explains why organizations may consider diversifying their markets to include global markets. Many researchers contend, â€Å"The emergence of demand potentials in the foreign markets is one of the common reasons† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.23). Directly congruent with this argument, Hough and Neuland (2000) maintain that sales expansion, acquisi tion of new resources need to minimize risks, depreciation of currencies, and local market saturation account for the internationalization of business (p.39). Arguably, therefore, internationalization of business may incredibly aid in facilitating a business to achieve immense economies of scale. Consumption theory and capitalization on Asian markets The consumption theory holds that when the consumption patterns of the consumer increases on the positive side, many firms would tend to move in and meet the demand created. Such a situation is experienced in China since the nation has a big consumption economy akin to its large population. A strategic decision for western firms to enter this market can make the firms attain large economies of scale. For instance, by the year 2009, McDonald had about 800 outlets already in operation in China. This was an immense success of the company since its entry into the Chinese market from ealry1990’s. The success in the Chinese market reco rded by McDonald had forced other western companies to consider establishing themselves in Asian nations. In particular, the Chinese economy has been growing tremendously within the last two decades of MacDonald’s presence. In this end, Ross (2003) argues that Chinese and Indian economies stand probabilities of accounting for 50 percent of the global domestic product by the year 2030 (p.15). The attractiveness of the Chinese market to western organisation such as MacDonald rests on the shifting demographics, hiking incomes, growing of consumer spending, and the ever-increasing free and fair business environment. In addition to the increase in consumer spending, some other factors such as increased cost of production and dwindled sales in the local home markets among other factors have made American and European firms consider establishing themselves in Asian nations such as China and India (Hill, Cronk Wickramasekera, 2011, p.113). Increased consumption on Asian markets is e xemplified by the case of China where there is an increase in consumer credit. The repercussion is that young people are more likely to buy on credit in comparison with old people. In fact, young people are stronger when it comes to consumer expenditure and credit. Consequently, China is currently hosting several global leading brands among them Adidas, Wal-Mart, Sanofi, Tesco, and others. Methodology This case study report paper deploys secondary data acquired from the existing literature on the international business. An analysis of the data garnered is conducted to develop theories that can explain the entry methods used by international firms to penetrate new markets in foreign nations. These theories can then be linked closely with MacDonald’s strategies for penetration of Chinese market. Consequently, a case study of MacDonald’s strategies of colonization of new international markets is scrutinized in relation to existing theories on international business. The s econdary data utilized in this paper come from sources including scholarly journals, internet, magazines, newspapers, and books. Results The results of the case study indicate that McDonald is a world leading US-based fast food retailer. In the modern day, the company has over 33,000 stores in about 119 countries. The key to this immense expansion of the company rests on the company’s capacity to understand its customers’ need coupled with refinement of its business polices to suit the target market. The foreign market entry mode used by MacDonald is franchising. In the new franchises, the company sells high quality yet affordable products. In the franchise agreement, â€Å"MacDonald grants the right to sell McDonald’s branded products to a prospective franchisee† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.25). The agreement gives the company the power to decide on the operating methods, marketing, and the quality of their products. McDonald’s owns or leases the est ablishment. The franchisee purchases â€Å"the equipment, fittings, and the right to operate the franchise for 20 years† (Hough Neuland, 2000, p.27). To achieve worldwide homogeneity, all franchisees must use standardized McDonald’s branding. These include their menus, their design layouts, and the administration systems. Analysis and discussions MacDonald was established in Illinois in 1955. According to Cooper and Schindler (2008), McDonald had opened its first outlet outside the US by 1967 (in Canada), and had expanded to Australia, Japan, and Europe by the year 1971 (p.32). Since then the company has experienced tremendous growth, and has extended its operations to many nations including China. One of the success factors of the company is that it has been able to satisfy the Chinese needs for food safety. The strategies for penetration into the Chinese market adopted by MacDonald are valid depending on population characteristics and other market traits. In this en d, markets chosen for expansion by McDonald’s are positively associated with high gross domestic product per capita, population size and distribution, and urbanization (Clode, 2011, p.22). Nevertheless, the company faces competition in China. Consequently, the company’s operation in China makes it is apparent that it conducts studies of changes in markets in an attempt to develop products that meet the needs of consumers. The implication of this strategic decision is that the company takes it within its mandate to develop products that are cost competitive besides looking at the long-term growth possibilities once it has made a new market entry. From the results of the study, it is also evident that the highest percent of McDonald’s restaurants are franchises, this being the market entry mode adopted by the company to get into foreign markets. Therefore, a cute selection of a franchisee is a central concern for the success of McDonald in China. In this end, the company accords various conditions for its potential franchisees. The concerned parties have to agree and settle upon these conditions on a legal contract. The conditions include the following promises: a franchisee would be honest, have business experience in the industry, have successful accomplishments, commitment to the franchisor, and a significant capital base. The results have also indicated that McDonald develops products consistent with the local food tastes of a particular market. This measure helps the company internalize the inferred local knowledge of franchisees into its wider operations (Hill, Cronk, Wickramasekera, 2011, p.62). Akin to the needs to survive in the foreign market having competition, a major survival tactic adopted by MacDonald in China is rebranding its products to meet the anticipations of the target market. For this reason, McDonald launched the Chickileaks campaign in China. The central concern of the campaign was to educate and make sure that Chin ese people rest assured that the products offered by the company are fresh and safe. The campaign also enabled McDonald to establish a competitive edge in the market amid the rooming competitions from KFC and Yum. McDonald encountered consumers in China who had different eating preferences compared to the U.S. consumers. For instance, the Chinese people prefer chicken to beef. This posed a challenge to the company since it entered the Chinese market with the intention of distributing beef products. On the other hand, competitors such as KFC were distributing chicken products. McDonald’s Chickileaks campaign is a key indicator that an organization seeking to establish business internationally needs to ensure that it merges its products and policies with culture, values, beliefs, and traditions of the people inhabiting the new target market. McDonald identified that, in its new market, there was a problem. Strategically, it moved to create a solution to the problem in the new m arket by designing a campaign to address the challenge. Essentially, therefore, MacDonald exemplifies the practical application of the thing that an organization seeking to establish itself in the foreign markets must do. Among these things are evaluation of international markets and innovation of marketing strategies among others. A major concern is on how MacDonald would maintain its success in China. According to Gilroy (2011), this is achievable through maintaining a steadfast focus on consistency, quality, and cautiously trying out other new options (Para.5). Conclusion and Implications Even though while making the strategic decision to establish MacDonald franchise in China may be taken as one of the ample decisions that has resulted to making the company more competitive, various challenges have been encountered. Firstly, China’s market is non-uniform and non-homogeneous. This is attributable to irregularities of economic growth in differing regions of the nation. Cons equently, aggravation of various social, political, and economic differences across different Chinese provinces has been experienced. This truncates into wide variation of consumer spending behavior in different provinces. The argument here is that China is ideally not a single market but a collection of a myriad of submarkets. These submarkets have distinct cultural, political, social, demographic, and economic characteristics. Any company seeking entry into the Chinese markets must take into consideration all these factors and orient their policies to suit the dynamics of the Chinese markets. The implication of this concern is that organizations need to choose an entry mode that exposes them to a minimal risk. This is necessary for internationalizing companies to maximize profits coupled with long-term growth. Internationalizing companies need to take advantage of various available opportunities through integration of a myriad of market strategies. The implication of this recommen dation is that decisions made by companies in matters of entering any market need to factor in the characteristics of nations in which they seek to establish business. This is critical to enable a company to determine the scale of investment in the new market. Therefore, new markets entry modes decisions need to be made from the basis of well-researched markets conducted within the countries of interest. This implies that the political and economic instabilities of the past and the possibility of more problems in the same nation or surrounding nations need to be taken into consideration. Additionally, market forces have an effect on the growth of the company’s markets and economy, and hence disposable income of potential customers. The implication is that by internationalizing firms one needs to make subtle market entry decision during their first entry into the foreign nations’ markets. Reference List Beamish, W., Morrison, A., Rosenzweig, M. (2005). International Ma nagement: Text and Cases (3rd ed.). Chicago: Irwin. Clode, J. (2011). McDonald’s Exposes ‘Chickileaks’ in China. Global News, 1(1), 22. Cooper, R., Schindler, S. (2008). Business Research Methods (6th ed.) Singapore: Irwin/Mcgraw. Gilroy, D. (2011). McDonald’s China: ‘Chickileaks’ the Truth about McChicken. ChinaSmack. Retrieved from https://advertising.chinasmack.com/2011/mcdonalds-china-chickileaks-the-truth-about-chicken.html. Hague, P., Jackson, P. (2006). A guide to planning, methodology and evaluation: Market Research. London: Kogan Page. Hibbert, P. (2005). International Business. Strategy and Operations. London: Macmillan Press. Hill, C., Cronk, T., Wickramasekera, R. (2011). Global Business Today: Asia Pacific. Sydney: McGraw Hill Australia Pty Ltd. Hough, J., Neuland, W. (2000). Global Business. Environments and Strategies Managing for Global Competitive Advantage. Cape Town: Oxford. Kottler, P. (2000). Marketing Management: The Millennium Edition. New Jersey, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Ross, B. (2003). Market entry methods for western firms in China, Asia Pacific. Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 15(4), 3–18. This report on McDonald’s Entry into the Chinese Market was written and submitted by user Lily Benjamin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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Interpretations Of Scott Ellsworth's Death In A Promised Land Known as the â€Å"Promised Land,† Tulsa was a boom city in a boom state. The main factor responsible for Tulsa’s rapid growth was oil. In 1904, a toll bridge was opened across the Arkansas River, making the Red Fork oil field more accessible to the labor and business communities. By 1913, Oklahoma produced one-fourth of the nation’s oil. Throughout the 19th century, the city of Tulsa and its black community became larger and more established. Immigration influenced black Tulsa’s social life when blacks born in other states became the majority within the black community. Black Tulsans were â€Å"welcomed† to work common labor, domestic, and service jobs all over the city, but they were â€Å"not welcome† to shop at white businesses in various parts of Tulsa. This was a main reason why the black business community grew along Greenwood Avenue. The intersection of Greenwood and Archer marks the historical significance of separating Tulsaâ€℠¢s black and white communities. In the 1890s, the Oklahoma territorial government passed its first Jim Crow laws. Also, within the first twenty years of the 1900s racial violence increased in Oklahoma, including the numerous lynchings of blacks. The Oklahoma Socialist Party and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) suffered under World War I. Black Oklahomans took this personally because the IWW held an interracial body and it supported black rights. The Oklahoma Socialist Party fought strongly for blacks’ voting rights. The fact that black soldiers had fought and died in France fueled blacks’ resentment toward the postwar wave of white violence. As whites enacted vigilantism upon blacks, blacks responded with self-defense against them. In 1915, strong white racist and nativist thought revived itself through the â€Å"second† Ku Klux Klan, especially in Tulsa. In regards to the actual preceding events of the 1921 race riot, ... Free Essays on Death in a Promised Land Free Essays on Death in a Promised Land Interpretations Of Scott Ellsworth's Death In A Promised Land Known as the â€Å"Promised Land,† Tulsa was a boom city in a boom state. The main factor responsible for Tulsa’s rapid growth was oil. In 1904, a toll bridge was opened across the Arkansas River, making the Red Fork oil field more accessible to the labor and business communities. By 1913, Oklahoma produced one-fourth of the nation’s oil. Throughout the 19th century, the city of Tulsa and its black community became larger and more established. Immigration influenced black Tulsa’s social life when blacks born in other states became the majority within the black community. Black Tulsans were â€Å"welcomed† to work common labor, domestic, and service jobs all over the city, but they were â€Å"not welcome† to shop at white businesses in various parts of Tulsa. This was a main reason why the black business community grew along Greenwood Avenue. The intersection of Greenwood and Archer marks the historical significance of separating Tulsaâ€℠¢s black and white communities. In the 1890s, the Oklahoma territorial government passed its first Jim Crow laws. Also, within the first twenty years of the 1900s racial violence increased in Oklahoma, including the numerous lynchings of blacks. The Oklahoma Socialist Party and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) suffered under World War I. Black Oklahomans took this personally because the IWW held an interracial body and it supported black rights. The Oklahoma Socialist Party fought strongly for blacks’ voting rights. The fact that black soldiers had fought and died in France fueled blacks’ resentment toward the postwar wave of white violence. As whites enacted vigilantism upon blacks, blacks responded with self-defense against them. In 1915, strong white racist and nativist thought revived itself through the â€Å"second† Ku Klux Klan, especially in Tulsa. In regards to the actual preceding events of the 1921 race riot, ...

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Thawing permafrost - Term Paper Example 99 percent of Greenland, 40 to 50 percent of Canada, and about 20 percent of Far East especially in China is permafrost. This distribution is affected by air temperature close to the ground and to a smaller degree the depth of snow, the direction the sun is facing, vegetation, types of soil, adjacent water bodies, and heat emanating from earth’s core. Permafrost may occur in any area with an annual average air temperature that is below freezing that is air temperature that is below 32F (0C) or what is commonly known as subzero air temperature. Snow on the surface of the permafrost, insulates and compliments the effective effect of the temperature of the air close to the ground, this results in air temperatures of up to 42.8 F, this might be higher than the local mean annual air temperature. The process of permafrost happen in millennia , this mostly happened during the ice age period and they include the contents of the ground before they were frozen such as solid rock, soft s oil deposits, gravel, and other organic materials in the soil. Introduction The occurrence of permafrost is not universal, that is the reason that permafrost are categorized into different zones, the categorization takes into account the percentage of land area covered by permafrost. The continuous permafrost zones contain permafrost that is 90 -100 percent of the land area; discontinuous zones have permafrost of between 50 to 90 percent ; sporadic permafrost have between 10 to 50 percent and finally isolated patches have underlying permafrost content of less than 10 percent (Salvatore et al. 76). In permafrost regions, the outlying layer is known as the active layer, it is on the surface of the soil, it usually thaws at the beginning of spring through the summer, attaining maximum depth in the late summer. At the onset of winter, the active layer freezes extending until very late in the season or just at the beginning of spring. The thickness of the active layer stretches from a me re 15 cm or less usually found in the coast of the Arctic coast to about 3 meters or even more in Southern Siberia, European Alps and in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The thickness or depth of the permafrost from the permafrost table to the permafrost base is determined by two factors, first, active layer freezing; secondly, the heat emanating from the earth core, the unfrozen layer. Temperatures of permafrost at greater depths reveal unpredictability in climate conditions for extended time durations; this is because heat spreads gradually throughout permafrost. In addition, the report further says that the temperatures in the ground implies the inconsistency in the air temperature, but becomes increasingly inactive with increasing depth. Temperatures of the permafrost are not affected by seasonal variations, such as summer and winter, at all. The mean annual ground temperature that are below the depth of zero annual amplitude reflect past and present long term in changes in mean cli mate conditions or regimes(Woods and Alter 92). The depth of zero annual amplitude varies from a few meters in discontinuous permafrost zones to over 20 meters in continuous permafrost regions (Thomas and Andrew 365). The purpose of this paper is to attempt to have a deeper understanding of the concept of permafrost thawing, and the consequences of such an eventuality; on the people and the environment. The impacts of permafrost thaw Thawing of permafrost results in

Advertisement Is a Legalised Form of Lying Essay Example for Free

Advertisement Is a Legalised Form of Lying Essay Necessity is the mother of invention is an oft-quoted saying. But now-a-days the reverse of it is more true. In modern business, invention is mother of necessityIn this age of machinery, newthings are produced everyday. Market is created for these things through advertisementBusinessmen advertise their goods in various ways and thus spread a knowledge of their goodsamong the customers. It is through advertisement that people begin to feel a need for even those goods of whichthey had never heard before. Advertisement creates demand. it is the backbone of commerce and Industry. No business can stay in the business world without advertisement. A successful businessman is one who snatches away money from even the most miserly and reluctant customer. Thus, the business world rotates on the pivot of advertisement. As the world is progressing, so the means of advertisement are also increasing. 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A motor car is a thing for the rich. Its advertisement must be touch the mentality of the rich. Usha SewingMachine should be advertised in such a way that the family man, with ordinary income, may feelthe economic advantages of the investment of his money on it. Secondly, advertisements should be attractive. This is very essential. People look towardsan advertisement only if it is eye-catching. Good, interesting pictures are very effective form this point of view. We all know about Sanforised cloth. The advertisements to show that quality of the cloth display a man wearing a suit of non-sanforized cloth. He appears funny and uncomfortable ashis suit has gone out of fit by washing. Another man is shown wearing a suit of Sanforised cloth. How smart and active he appears. We immediately learn that Sanforised cloth is best because itdoes not shrink. So a good advertisement must be interesting, attractive and eye-catching. But proper sanctity must be maintained and unnecessary exposure must be avoided. It must also befrequently repeated, otherwise people forget all about the goods advertised. do not like to waste their time on things which do not concern them. So to be successful,advertisement must be brief. Long descriptive stories or certificates of praise about certain thing donot make good advertisement. This is an important point in advertising and a good advertiser mustkeep it in mind. Advertisements are not concerned with the good or bad quality of goods. Even the mostinjurious goods are advertised these days. Advertisements of undesirable drugs and medicines andindecent literature, so common. They simply cheat the public. So we should be careful while purchasing an advertised article. We should use our own mind, instead of blindly following theadvice of the advertisement. In our country, the art of advertising is in its infancy. in progressive countries, likeAmerica, big business concerns have specialists and experts for this purpose. They spend hugeamounts of money on advertisement. But it is not so in our country. Some businessmen consider their products to be very superior. They think advertisement unnecessary. This is undesirable. Toget success in business every big or small business-concern must make effective us of art of advertising goods. To run a business without its aid is not possible in the modern age. â€Å"the advertisement for the body-spray, Impulse. The whole idea of a man absorbed in hisdaily routine being suddenly roused out of it by a whiff of Impulse and then going through a seriesof impulsive actions to compliment the lady wearing it, is romantic and endearing to most women. This combined with the light, tinkling piano accompaniment and soft-focus filming makes theadvertisement an attractive one. Then we have the newspaper and magazine advertisements, invibrant color, interesting graphics and witty slogans. Take a look at most cosmetic advertisementslike Maybelline or Cover girl, where the page is attractively splashed with the newest colors themanufacturer has come up with a pretty, lively girl caught in mid-laughter. Therefore, advertisements today are generally interesting due to the visual and sound effects made possible yadvanced technology in the various mediums of print, sound and film, and a little imagination,especially when rival companies try their best to attract consumers and so try to advertise better. Are they useless? Not necessarily. In many ways advertisements help to keep the cost of most publications low so that we can afford them quite easily. This applies in the case of our dailynewspaper â€Å"The Straits Times†, the Sunday â€Å"Asia Magazine†, the popular â€Å"Readers Digest† andespecially the publication we are all familiar with, our respective school magazines. Theadvertisers pay to advertise and this payment subsidizes publishing cost so that we pay less thanwhat we might otherwise have to pay. Advertisements also help to ease our boredom sometimes. How many times have people been roused out of a bored stupor once they see an interestingadvertisement on a billboard or bus or when lazily flicking through a magazine? Also,advertisements either interesting or otherwise, especially of otherwise, do promote conversationamong friends when they discuss them, how an advertisement is so silly, or another is unusual andimaginative and yet another is introducing an interesting and attractive product which might beworth buying. This then brings us to the last point. Are advertisements misleading? One of their uses is that they inform us as to what is available on the market, but is this informationwholly true? Their main function is to attract buyers so naturally, only certain details regarding a product are highlighted while others are not provided at all. We are made to believe that a productis long-lasting, worthwhile, multi-purpose and bound to give us that happiness we cannot findelsewhere. Perfume advertisements promise to bring the opposite sex falling at one’s feet,dictionary and encyclopedia advertisements promise to give us all the wisdom and knowledge inthe world, cosmetic advertisement for â€Å"Ponderosa Steak Salad Restaurant† promises juicy andtender steak and delicious salad. I have eaten there and found the steak to be of very low quality,for a very high price, but the salad was everything the advertisement led me to believe. conclusion:So in conclusion, I would say that modernAdvertisements are boring, unless and oftenmisleading. †

Alfred Stieglitz Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

Alfred Stieglitz Works Cited Missing Alfred Stieglitz was an influential photographer who spent his life fighting for the recognition of photography as a valid art form. He was a pioneering photographer, editor and gallery owner who played pivotal role in defining and shaping modernism in the United States. (Lowe 23). He took pictures in a time when photography was considered as only a scientific curiosity and not an art. As the controversy over the art value of photography became widespread, Stieglitz began to fight for the recognition of his chosen medium. This battle would last his whole life. Edward Stieglitz, father of Alfred, was born in Germany in 1833. He grew up on a farm, loved nature, and was an artist at heart. Legend has it that, independent and strong willed, Edward Stieglitz ran away from home at the age of sixteen because his mother insisted on upon starching his shirt after he had begged her not to (Lowe 23). Edward would later meet Hedwig Warner and they would have their first son, Alfred. Alfred was the first of six born to his dad Edward and mom Hedwig. As a child Alfred was remembered as a boy with thick black hair, large dark eyes, pale fine skin, a delicately modeled mouth with a strong chin (Peterson 34). In 1871 the Stieglitz family lived at 14 East 60th street in Manhattan. No buildings stood between Central Park and the Stieglitz family home. As Stieglitz got older he started to show interest in photography, posting every photo he could find on his bedroom wall. It wasn't until he got older that his photography curiosity begin to take charge of his life. Stieglitz formally started photography at the age of nineteen, during his first years at the Berlin Polytechnic School. At this time photography was in its infancy as an art form. Alfred learned the fine arts of photography by watching a local photographer in Berlin working in the store's dark room. After making a few pictures of his room and himself, he enrolled in a photochemistry course. This is where his photography career would begin. His earliest public recognition came from England and Germany. It began in 1887 when Stieglitz won the first of his many first prizes in a competition. The judge who gave him the award was Dr. P.H. Emerson, then the most widely known English advocate of photography as an art (Doty 23). Dr. Emerson later wrot... ...raphers. At the turn of the century, a new class of creative individuals, called painter- photographer emerged. This group fulfilled Stieglitz' s dream for pictorial photography. Its presence provided the movement with individuals who were trained in the established arts and who legitimized the artistic claims of pictorial photography by the fact that they were willing to use the photographic medium. The very term painter photographer was made up in reference to Frank Eugene who worked simultaneously with Stieglitz in media for a decade. Eugene attended a German fine arts academy, and painted theatrical portraits of the United States. In 1889 he mounted a solo exhibition of pictorial photographs at the Camera Club of New York, which, pointedly, was reviewed in Camera Notes as painting photography (Norman 23). In conclusion Stieglitz's fight for photography developed into new ideas for future generations. He continued to make his own experiments and to defend the work of others also breaking new ground. The magazines he edited, like the galleries he founded, swiftly became dynamic points of contact between artist and public and a battleground for new ideas.

Lincoln’s Presidency and Its Hallmarks on Future Presidents

â€Å"What are the most important hallmarks of Lincoln's leadership that influenced later presidents such as Teddy Roosevelt as they considered the role of the US presidency in American political life? † As the only President to preside over an American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln entered the office of the presidency with mounting challenges ahead of him. The country’s overwhelming divide regarding the issue of slavery proved to be the central issue in the 1861 elections. President Lincoln’s strong resolve to reunite the union catalyzed a sharp shift in his beliefs regarding the weight of power in the executive branch, helping Lincoln strengthen the office of the Presidency like never before. This set a precedent for future Presidents, notably Theodore Roosevelt, whose legislation on big business and â€Å"speak softly and carry a big stick† methodology to foreign relations, while thoroughly of his own design, most certainly finds its roots in the empowered President Lincoln. Lincoln entered the Presidency rooted in the beliefs that the executive branch’s power came second to the legislative, as stated in the Constitution. His â€Å"immediate predecessors—Democrats Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan—had set the pattern for a weak executive, conceiving their roles as little more than clerks†¦ who either approved or disapproved legislation developed from Congress’s agenda,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 175). However, following the secession of seven southern states immediately after Lincoln’s election, his focus became reuniting the union: â€Å"he sought to reassure his fellow countrymen and to prevent more states from seceding,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 175). To accomplish this, Lincoln was headfast in his decisions, often reaching beyond traditional executive power and, in effect, overriding the other branches of government. These decisions were extremely controversial: Groiler Encyclopedia says, â€Å"As a commander in chief Lincoln was soon noted for vigorous measures, sometimes at odds with the Constitution. Three controversial decisions Lincoln made include the implementation of a military draft, suspension of habeas corpus in many regions, and finally, a plan to end slavery in his 1862 annual message to Congress. All of these events were controversial and Lincoln was accused of ignoring the Constitution in many instances, yet he justified it to many by claiming that it was necessary â€Å"in the name of ‘popular demand and public necessity,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 177). In essence, Lincoln’s power was â€Å"a funneling of powers, delivered to other branches of government in peacetime, into the presidential office in wartime. He was centralizing authority,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 178). In text titled â€Å"A Constitutional History of the United States,† author Andrew McLaughlin analyzes constitutional problems of the civil war, saying that â€Å"The justification for such a step must be the existence of actual disorder or a condition which seriously threatens civil authority. Herein lies the debate, should a President have the moral right to break the Constitution in order to save it? One of the first policies to centralize the Executive Branch’s power was the implementation of a military draft in the beginning of Lincoln’s presidency: â€Å"On May 3 Lincoln issued a proclamation summoning 42,034 volunteers to serve for three years; he also called for an increase of the regular army by the addition of 22,714 of ficers and men, and for the enlistment of 18,000 seamen,† (McLaughlin, 1935, 615). This proves to be controversial because it was â€Å"employing a war power without a declaration of war,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 177). Lincoln’s claim was that â€Å"he was constitutionally designated as commander-in-chief and that the military peril to the Union made such actions necessary,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 177). The draft caused riots in New York, as people vehemently opposed its institution. Another instance of policy that was implemented with this newfound executive power was that he suspended the right of habeas corpus in many regions. According to text published in the journal titled â€Å"History Today,† habeas corpus â€Å"makes the force at the disposal of the chief executive subject to regulation by the courts. With it, a judge can demand that a prisoner be brought before him to evaluate whether the prisoner's detention is legal. Without it, an unlawfully incarcerated individual has no legal remedy. † The suspension of this right is one of the most controversial aspects of the Lincoln Presidency: â€Å"If Lincoln did not constitutionally have the power to uspend habeas corpus, then by doing so he fundamentally altered the freedom of American citizens,† (Kleinfeld, 1997, 24). In defending accusations mostly made by Democrats that he was stripping Americans of their civil rights and liberties, Lincoln claimed that he didn’t even believe a law was violated: â€Å"The Constitution, he argued, does not expressly prohibit the president from suspending the writ, and it is unreasonable that a danger should run its course until Congress can be assembled,† (Kleinfeld, 1997, 24). This defense was often used in Lincoln’s behalf. According to Brinkley and Dyer, the issue was â€Å"time and the necessity of acting quickly†¦ † They also explain how it was often claimed to simply be efficient for the centralized power in the executive branch: â€Å"The presidency carried with it a unity of office which allowed for swift action impossible for the legislature,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 178). Congress agreed to this justification for Lincoln’s centralized power; they â€Å"retroactively endorsed his actions, declaring them ‘legalized and made valid,’ as if Congress itself had enacted them. † (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 178). The final instance of a decision made using Lincoln’s strengthened Presidential powers was a plan delivered to Congress in his 1862 address to its members. In this annual address, Lincoln proposed that Congress provide bonds to pay slave states that abolished slavery before 1900. He also, in the same address, proposed that Congress give money to help the colonization of those former slaves who chose to move. This incentive to hasten the end of slavery was thoroughly Lincoln’s design, and â€Å"was an unusual display of executive decision to Congress,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 181). These are just a few of the examples detailing the centralization of power to the executive branch that occurred during Lincoln’s administration. He effectively transformed the institution of the Presidency, as many presidents after him have kept up the centralization of power as tradition. An example of a later president who also ran his administration in this fashion is Theodore Roosevelt. Like Lincoln, Roosevelt presided over the nation at a crossroads: the â€Å"divide between the nineteenth century and the wentieth, between the old presidency and the modern chief executive, between the old state and the new,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 268). Following in Lincoln’s precedent, Roosevelt’s decisions over the regulation of big business in this fledging industrial nation, as well as his ‘speak softly and carry a big stick’ methodology to foreign policy, thoroughly illustrate this strong funneling of power into the office of the Presidency. At the beginning of Roosevelt’s administration, the big business era was just beginning. The United States had turned away from the isolationism which preceded the Spanish-American War. Now a world power with quickly expanding foreign markets, the United States was considered a major industrial nation,† (Business and Economy in the 1900s, 1997). With this industrialization came consequences and fears regarding the growth of big business and power of large corporations. The growth of big business and its corresponding fears became the central issue to Roosevelt’s domestic policy. Roosevelt implemented multiple laws in hopes of regulating large corporations, most notably his antitrust measures. According to a text titled Business and Economy in the 1900s, â€Å"†¦ it was not until the Roosevelt administration that cases were pursued against business owners and labor unions. † Most notably was the Northern Securities case, in which the Supreme Court ruled in a 5-4 decision that the company had violated the Sherman Antitrust Act, which had been on the books for decades. Brinkley and Dyer explain that, â€Å"Although Roosevelt did not want to eliminate large corporations, he used antitrust prosecutions to enhance the authority of the executive branch,† (274). Just as Lincoln used policy to enhance his powers as president, so did Roosevelt: over 40 antitrust legislations were filed under Roosevelt’s presidency. Still focusing on the domestic issue of big business regulation, Roosevelt’s creation of The Bureau of Corporations was another notable event. After Roosevelt’s introduction of the Bureau in 1903, it was created by Congress to â€Å"investigate and publicize the behavior of giant corporations,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 275). This Bureau is what helped investigate the companies and then catalyzed legislation, furthering antitrust laws made under Roosevelt’s administration. Also parallel to the central power during Lincoln’s presidency, the president helped validate and get more power to the Executive Branch when he positioned himself to look like â€Å"the representative of a public frightened and angry over a new threat from business,† (Brinkley and Dyer, 2004, 275). This is parallel to the power Lincoln managed to obtain when positioning himself to look like a representative of a frightened public during the beginnings of the Civil War, angry over slavery issues. Both men used their positions and the time in history to be seen in the same light. In terms of foreign policy, Roosevelt strived to make the United States’ power reach global heights. His â€Å"speak softly and carry a big stick† approach to foreign relations reflected that the way the country handled its foreign relations depended entirely on the President, not Congressional legislation. An example of this includes events that occurred following his December 1904 State of the Union address, in which Roosevelt reinforced his ‘Big Stick Policy† by saying that â€Å"chronic wrongdoing by Latin American states would compel the United States ‘to an exercise of an international police power,’† (Big Stick and Dollar Diplomacy, 1998). This policy, reminiscent of the Monroe Doctrine, is known as the Roosevelt Corollary. It was first put into effect just weeks later, when Roosevelt negotiated a treaty with the Dominican Republic saying that the US would manage the Dominican Republic’s foreign debts. Mirroring events of the Lincoln administration, â€Å"when the Senate refused to ratify the treaty, the president carried it out by executive order, a move that touched off much criticism at home,† (Big Stick and Dollar Diplomacy, 1998). In this case, Roosevelt used his Big Stick policy to pass legislation rejected by the Congress, just because he was President and his office had the power to do so. It is much like Lincoln’s implementation of policy without Congressional approval during the Civil War. To conclude, President Lincoln helped to strength the power of the Executive Branch like never before, helping give the Presidency more control of both domestic and foreign relations. At a delicate crossroads in American history—the Civil War—Lincoln used the unique time to gain power through instatement of the draft, suspension of habeas corpus, and his proposals of bills to Congress. Following this precedent, President Theodore Roosevelt, also at a crossroads in United States history at the beginning of industrialization and big business, used similar tactics to gain and retain centralized control in the Executive branch through his trust-busting efforts and legislation on big business at home, as well as his â€Å"Big Stick† policies abroad.

What Is a Bibliography

A  bibliography is a list of books, scholarly  articles, speeches, private records, diaries, interviews, laws, letters, websites, and other sources you use when researching a topic and writing a paper. The bibliography appears at the end. The main purpose of a bibliography entry is to give credit to authors whose work youve consulted in your research. It also makes it easy for a reader to find out more about your topic by delving into the research that you used to write your paper. In the academic world, papers arent written in a vacuum; academic journals are the way new research on a topic circulates and previous work is built upon. Bibliography entries must be written in a very specific format, but that format will depend  on the particular style of writing you follow. Your teacher or publisher will tell you which style to use, and for most academic papers it will be either MLA, American Psychological Association (APA), Chicago (author-date citations or footnotes/endnotes format), or Turabian style. The bibliography is sometimes also called the references, works cited, or works consulted page. Components of a Bibliography Entry Bibliography entries will compile: Authors and/or editors (and translator, if applicable)Title of your source (as well as edition, volume, and the book title if your source is a chapter or article in a multi-author book with an editor)Publication information (the city, state, name of the publisher, date published, page numbers consulted, and URL or DOI, if applicable)Access date, in the case of online sources (check with the style guide at the beginning of your research as to whether you need to track this information) Order and Formatting Your entries should be listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the first author. If you are using two publications that are written by the same author, the order and format will depend on the style guide. In MLA, Chicago, and Turabian style, you should list the  duplicate-author entries in alphabetical order according to the title of the work. The authors name is written as normal for his or her first entry, but for the second entry, you will replace the authors name with three long dashes.   In APA style, you list the duplicate-author entries in chronological order of publication, placing the earliest first. The name of the author  is used for all entries. For works with more than one author, styles vary as to whether you invert the name of any authors after the first. Whether you use title casing or sentence-style casing on titles of sources, and whether you separate elements with commas or periods also varies among different style guides. Consult the guides manual for more detailed information. Bibliography entries are usually formatted using a hanging indent. This means that the first line of each citation is not indented, but subsequent lines of each citation are indented. Check with your instructor or publication to see if this format is required, and look up information in your word processors help program if you do not know how to create a hanging indent with it. Chicago's Bibliography vs. Reference System Chicago has two different ways of citing works consulted: using a bibliography or a references page. Use of a bibliography or a references page depends on whether youre using author-date parenthetical citations in the paper or footnotes/endnotes. If youre using parenthetical citations, then youll follow the references page formatting. If youre using footnotes or endnotes, youll use a bibliography. The difference in the formatting of entries between the two systems is the location of the date of the cited publication. In a bibliography, it goes at the end of an entry. In a references list in the author-date style, it goes right after the authors name, similar to APA style.